Tabriz Valiasr International Hospital Publication International Journal of Drug Research in Clinics 2980-9835 2 1 2024 02 21 Combined Blockade of Interleukin-6 and β-Catenin Inhibits Breast and Colon Tumor Growth In Vitro e19 e19 10.34172/ijdrc.2024.e19 EN Maryam Farajzadeh https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9046-5643 Mohammad-Salar Hosseini Farzaneh Eshaghi Samira Mohebbi Mohammad Hojjat-Farsangi Farhad Jadidi-Niaragh https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4641-882X Journal Article 10.34172/ijdrc.2024.e19 2024 08 10 2024 09 11 Background: As the primary regulator of tumor activities, the tumor microenvironment contains several factors contributing to tumor progression and metastasis. Interleukin 6 (IL-6) and β-catenin are two key factors in the tumor microenvironment, which are effective in tumor progression in primary studies. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of IL-6 and β-catenin blockade on tumor growth and progression in vitro. Methods: In this study, small interfering RNA (siRNA) technology was used to target IL-6 and β-catenin using two murine cell lines, 4T1 (breast cancer) and CT26 (colon cancer). The target gene expression was analyzed by applying quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction assays. The MTT assay was used to measure how a treatment could affect the cells’ survival ability. All data were analyzed by GraphPad Prism 9, and P-values less than 0.05 were considered significant. Results: Both cell lines demonstrated downregulation in the expression patterns of genes involved in apoptosis, metastasis, proliferation, and angiogenesis. Both cell lines showed significantly decreased IL-6 secretion following IL-6 targeting. Moreover, simultaneous targeting of IL-6 and β-catenin factors significantly reduced the survival of cancer cells. Conclusion: These results revealed that targeting β-catenin and IL-6 simultaneously may be a useful treatment strategy for colon and breast cancers. Further investigations are required to determine the effectiveness of these interventions and adjust their safety.